Microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging (MTI) has the advantages of high resolution, high contrast, non-ionization, and non-invasive. Recently, MTI was used in the field of breast cancer screening. In this paper, based on the finite element method (FEM) and COMSOL Multiphysics software, a three-dimensional breast cancer model suitable for exploring the MTI process is proposed to investigate the influence of Young’s modulus (YM) of breast cancer tissue on MTI. It is found that the process of electromagnetic heating and initial pressure generation of the entire breast tissue is earlier in time than the thermal expansion process. Besides, compared with normal breast tissue, tumor tissue has a greater temperature rise, displacement, and pressure rise. In particular, YM of the tumor is related to the speed of thermal expansion. In particular, the larger the YM of the tumor is, the higher the heating and contraction frequency is, and the greater the maximum pressure is. Different Young’s moduli correspond to different thermoacoustic signal spectra. In MTI, this study can be used to judge different degrees of breast cancer based on elastic imaging. In addition, this study is helpful in exploring the possibility of microwave-induced thermoacoustic elastic imaging (MTAE).

为了降低或消除激光诱导击穿光谱（LIBS）检测过程中激光能量、背景辐射、噪声信号对特征光谱信息的影响，以镉靶材为对象，构建偏振分辨激光诱导击穿光谱（PRLIBS）系统，探索提高重金属污染物LIBS分析能力的方法。结合光波在多层媒介传播过程中的菲涅耳方程，分析入射光波长对光强透射比的作用机理，构建正入射方向上的等离子体辐射强度分光透射比模型。利用该模型获得了相同条件下的LIBS、PRLIBS光谱数据，比较了镉元素特征谱线强度的相对标准偏差（RSD），并分析了不同延迟时间下特征谱线强度的变化趋势。结果表明：在低能量密度情况下，PRLIBS具有明显的测量优势，可以采集到更多的特征峰信号，并且PRLIBS光谱特征谱线强度的RSD值小于相同检测参数下LIBS光谱特征谱线强度的RSD值，说明分光透射比模型能够有效提高等离子体光谱的稳定性；LIBS与PRLIBS的谱线强度随延迟时间的变化趋势一致，说明PRLIBS并不影响原有LIBS的延迟时间；随着脉冲能量增大，分光透射比模型可以有效降低基线漂移和背景辐射，增强光谱的分辨能力；分光透射比模型不仅保留了连续谱中的有效信息，还提高了谱线识别的稳定性，对于提高低激光能量诱导条件下LIBS特征谱线识别能力具有重要的参考意义。

Thermoacoustic imaging (TAI) is an emerging high-resolution and high-contrast imaging technology. In recent years, metal wires have been used in TAI experiments to quantitatively evaluate the spatial resolution of different systems. However, there is still a lack of analysis of the response characteristics and principles of metal wires in TAI. Through theoretical and simulation analyses, this paper proposes that the response of metal (copper) wires during TAI is equivalent to the response of antennas. More critically, the response of the copper wire is equivalent to the response of a half-wave dipole antenna. When its length is close to half the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave, it obtains the best response. In simulation, when the microwave excitation frequencies are 1.3 GHz, 3.0 GHz, and 5.3 GHz, and the lengths of copper wires are separately set to 11 cm, 5 cm, and 2.5 cm, the maximum SAR distribution and energy coupling e±ciency are obtained. This result is connected with the best response of half-wave dipole antennas with lengths of 11 cm, 4.77 cm, and 2.7 cm under the theoretical design, respectively. Regarding the further application, TAI can be used to conduct guided minimally invasive surgery on surgical instrument imaging. Thus, this paper indicated that results can also guide the design of metal surgical instruments utilized in different microwave frequencies.

面对市场对高功率高质量照明的强烈需求，开发兼具优良发光性能和稳定性的红色荧光玻璃陶瓷来提高白光显色指数(CRI)显得尤为重要。本文采用低温共烧结法制备了一种镶嵌K2SiF6∶Mn4+(KSF)商用红色荧光粉的新型荧光玻璃陶瓷。研究结果表明，共烧结时前驱玻璃熔体对KSF荧光粉的热侵蚀作用较小，荧光粉的发光特性基本得到保持; 相比于初始荧光粉，玻璃陶瓷的热猝灭性能得到大幅的改善; 构建的激光照明光源在55.56 W/cm2蓝光功率密度激发下，光通量为32.77 lm，色温为5073 K，CRI为74.86，色坐标为(0.341,0.321)。经过系统的热管理优化，KSF荧光玻璃陶瓷可望应用于高功率室内照明领域。

外腔可调谐半导体激光器在光纤传感、冷原子物理和激光雷达等领域有着广泛的应用前景。为了得到大的无跳模调谐范围, 需要对激光器的腔长、光栅参数、各个元件的几何位置以及转动点的位置进行严格的设计。通过构建 Littman型可调谐激光源无跳模纵向允许误差范围的数学模型, 深入分析了转轴点到压电陶瓷电机运动轴线的距离、转轴点到闪耀光栅衍射点的距离、光栅安装角度和光栅刻线密度对无跳模纵向允许误差范围的影响。分析结果表明, 合理选择各个参数可有效避免激光输出光束的跳模。

为了更加完整地描述不确定信息, 将三角模糊数与毕达哥拉斯犹豫模糊集结合, 提出了毕达哥拉斯三角犹豫模糊集。针对信息集成过程中数据属性之间存在关联关系的问题, 将Heronian平均算子、Muirhead平均算子拓展到毕达哥拉斯三角犹豫模糊集中, 提出了毕达哥拉斯三角犹豫模糊Heronian平均算子和毕达哥拉斯三角犹豫模糊Muirhead平均算子。考虑不同属性的输入变量的重要程度不同, 提出了它们的加权形式。最后, 针对毕达哥拉斯三角犹豫模糊环境下的多属性决策问题, 提出了基于PHTFWMM算子的多属性决策方法, 并通过算例说明了该方法的有效性。

As a high-resolution optical imaging technology, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. It has played an important role in the detection and identification of atherosclerotic plaques and has significant advantages. In this paper, we realized to extract the optical characteristic parameters of the target sample based on the OCT data by establishing optical transmission models conforming to the OCT principle. The optical phantoms and coronary artery of domestic pig were used as research samples to study the difference between the optical properties of the cardiovascular tissues. It can provide a basic method for further study of optical characteristic parameters of atherosclerotic plaques, and also lay a foundation for realizing the quantitative evaluation of atherosclerotic plaques with multiple optical characteristic parameters in the future.

运用激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)技术对赣南脐橙橙汁进行了快速绿色鉴别。实验分别测定了健康和黄龙病脐橙果汁的糖度及Ca、K、Zn元素含量,并分析了糖度及元素含量差异。采集了脐橙果汁的LIBS光谱数据,运用九点平滑(9SM)法并结合多元散射校正(MSC)对数据进行了预处理,最后运用主成分分析(PCA)法并结合多层感知器(MLP)神经网络和径向基函数(RBF)神经网络模型对健康和黄龙病脐橙进行了快速判别。结果表明,PCA-MLP模型对健康和黄龙病脐橙的判别效果优于PCA-RBF模型,其训练集对健康脐橙和黄龙病脐橙的判别准确率分别为93.8%和93.4%,预测集对健康脐橙和黄龙病脐橙的判别准确率分别为93.9%和94.8%。LIBS检测结果证明了黄龙病导致脐橙果肉品质发生了变化;进一步利用光谱预处理方法和分类模型,从品质上区分了黄龙病脐橙果汁和健康脐橙果汁,提高了出厂橙汁的产品合格率。